Functions of OS Module

1. File and Directory Operations:

os.getcwd(): Get the current working directory.

os.chdir(path): Change the current working directory to the specified path.

os.listdir(path='.'): Return a list containing names of entries in the given directory.

os.mkdir(path): Create a directory.

os.makedirs(path): Create directories recursively.

os.remove(path): Remove a file.

os.rmdir(path): Remove a directory.

os.removedirs(path): Remove directories recursively.

os.rename(src, dst): Rename a file or directory.

2. Path Manipulation:

os.path.join(path1, path2, ...): Join one or more path components.

os.path.abspath(path): Return the absolute version of a path.

os.path.dirname(path): Return the directory name of a path.

os.path.basename(path): Return the base name of a path.

os.path.exists(path): Check if a path exists.

os.path.isfile(path): Check if a path is a regular file.

os.path.isdir(path): Check if a path is a directory.

3. Environmental Variables:

os.environ: A dictionary containing the environment variables.

4. System Information:

os.name: Name of the operating system dependent module imported. (e.g., 'posix', 'nt')

os.uname(): Return information identifying the current operating system.

5. Process Utilities:

os.system(command): Execute the command in a subshell.

os.spawn* and os.exec*: Low-level process creation and execution.

6. Miscellaneous:

os.pathsep: The character used to separate paths in the PATH variable.

Example Usage:

import os

# File and Directory Operations

print(os.getcwd())

os.mkdir('new_directory')

print(os.listdir())

# Path Manipulation

path = os.path.join('folder', 'file.txt')

print(os.path.abspath(path))

print(os.path.exists(path))

# Environmental Variables

print(os.environ['HOME'])

# System Information

print(os.name)

print(os.uname())

# Process Utilities

os.system('ls -l')

# Miscellaneous

print(os.pathsep)